As the month of March — recognised globally as TB Awareness Month — draws to a close, South Africans are reminded of the importance of collective action in the fight against tuberculosis (TB). While many people know about TB, not all understand the dangers it poses or how to live with and overcome the disease.
Despite being treatable and curable, TB remains a significant public health concern in South Africa. The disease can be managed within 6 to 24 months, depending on the severity and type, but people continue to die — often due to lack of knowledge, late diagnosis, and inconsistent treatment.
Tuberculosis doesn’t kill everyone diagnosed with it,” said a local healthcare worker. “It claims the lives of those who stop treatment early or hide their illness due to fear or stigma.
More Than Just Lung TB
Many only associate TB with the lungs, but the disease can affect almost any part of the body — much like cancer. Spinal TB, abdominal TB, bone TB, and other forms are less known but equally serious. Patients require specific treatments tailored to the type and progression of their TB, and dosages vary depending on body weight and condition.
If not managed properly, types like abdominal TB can lead to severe complications such as bedsores, abscesses, stroke, or even permanent disability.
Strengthening the Immune System
Because TB weakens the immune system, patients are strongly advised to maintain a nutritious diet rich in fresh fruits, vegetables, proteins, iron, and vitamins. A stronger immune system can support recovery and prevent secondary infections.
Doctors also caution against mixing TB medication with alcohol or tobacco, warning that it slows healing and may increase the risk of fatal outcomes.
A Provincial Call to Action
The Eastern Cape continues to rank among the provinces most affected by TB and HIV. In response, the government has developed specialised TB hospitals across the province to provide focused care.
According to recent statistics:
- 401 people in the Eastern Cape stopped their TB treatment prematurely.
- 25,326 people were screened, including 9,911 children under the age of five.
- The TB death rate in the province dropped from 8.2% in 2008 to 8.1% in 2022, thanks to ongoing TB recovery initiatives.
However, the fight is far from over.
Many TB patients are ashamed of their symptoms — such as weight loss, fatigue, and persistent coughing — and this affects their self-esteem and willingness to seek help,” said a nurse based in Mthatha. “We must continue to educate people and create a safe space for treatment.
Side Effects and Support
During early stages of treatment, patients may experience side effects including vomiting, diarrhoea, night sweats, chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, and loss of appetite. Understanding these side effects and being supported through them is vital to ensure treatment adherence.
TB patients are also advised to isolate from vulnerable groups, such as children and pregnant women, during the infectious phase of their illness.
A United Front Against TB
The battle against TB cannot be won by health professionals alone. Community support, awareness, and compassion are essential.
If we stand together as one province and one nation, we can defeat TB,” a community health advocate stated. “We can turn the tide — not just for survival, but for healing and dignity.
As the fight continues, the message remains clear: TB is not a death sentence — but it does require action, education, and unwavering commitment from us all
